A Primer on Property Measurement


One Acre - equals - -











Dimensions of One (square) Acre - equal - - 208.71 x 208.71 feet

One Square Mile - equals - - 640 acres



In the United States today, the most commonly used acre measurement is the survey acre.

There are always 4,840 square yards in an acre.

In the past, an acre was sometimes related as one furlong (220 yards or 660 feet) in length, and one chain (4 rods or 22 yards or 66 feet) in width [1 furlong x 1 chain].

The acre was selected as approximately the amount of land tillable by one man, behind an ox, in one day. This explains one of the definitions as being, "the area of a rectangle with sides of length one chain and one furlong".  A long narrow strip of land is more efficient to plow than a square plot, since the plow doesn't have to be turned as often.  The word "furlong" itself derives from the fact that it is one furrow long.

Old deeds may show property size in rods.  1 square rod is 0.00625 acres, so 1 acre equals 160 square rods.

Under the Homestead Act in the United States, the usual size of a tract of land was 160 acres or 0.25 square miles.  This results in common field lengths of 0.5 miles, with every rod in width equal to one acre.
1 sq.mile = 1 section - - - 36 sections = 1 township

In the metric system, the hectare is more commonly used to measure property.  An acre is approximately 0.405 hectares.

As a point of reference, an acre is slightly less than 91 yards of a football field (American), with the field, including the end zones, being approximately 1.32 acres.

The area of a piece of land is usually determined by reference to the area within its boundaries as drawn on a map.  On level ground, the area of the terrain will correspond to the area on the map.  On sloping ground, the area of the terrain will be greater than the area on the map.

When a piece of property is not a rectangle or square (it almost never is), you'll have to use more than just basic math to calculate the square footage.  If you really want to know, it's called "Pick's Theorem", and is used to find the area or a polygon.  In case you really feel mentally energetic, create a grid of squares or use graph paper and plot the property polygon to scale on the grid.  Count each interior grid point, and each exterior grid point.  Then apply the following formula:

Area = I +B/2 – 1
(where I = number of interior grid points and B = number of boundary grid points)
Some basic information on determining the area of property.  Use the following measurements and equivalences to figure the size of just about any piece of land.
4,840
4046.825
43,560
6272591
404682.5
0.0015625
0.004046859
0.4046863
160
10
0.1
square yards
square meters
square feet
square inches
square centimeters
square miles
square kilometers
hectare
square rods
square furlongs